ASCII Codes

American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) is a character encoding that developed out of telegraphy and the teleprinters of the early twentieth century. In its original form it defined 128 characters (0-127, or 0000000-1111111 in binary) including some control characters such as "end of transmission". Various extended versions include non-English characters, but anything above character 127 should be considered unreliable unless the encoding scheme is clearly defined. (For transmitting international data reliably, consider using UTF-8 or UTF-16.)

Codes 1-33:

ASCII Code Value Special Meanings
0 nul Null
1 soh Start of heading
2 stx Start of text
3 etx End of text
4 eot End of transmission
5 enq Enquiry
6 ack Acknowledge
7 bel Bell (beep)
8 bs Backspace
9 ht (Horizontal) Tab
10 nl Newline; Unix line terminator; 2nd part of Windows line terminator
11 vt Vertical tab; Home
12 np Formfeed (new page when printing)
13 cr Carriage return; Apple Mac (Classic) line terminator; 1st part of Windows line terminator
14 so Shift out
15 si Shift in
16 dle Data link escape
17 dc1 Device control 1
18 dc2 Device control 2
19 dc3 Device control 3
20 dc4 Device control 4
21 nak Negative acknowledge
22 syn Synchronous idle
23 etb End of transmission block
24 can Cancel
25 em End of medium
26 sub Substitute
27 esc Escape
28 fs File separator; Cursor right
29 Group separator; gs Cursor left
30 rs Record separator; Cursor up
31 us Unit separator; Cursor down
32 sp Space

Codes 33-127:

ASCII Code Value HTML mnemonic code, where one exists
33 !  
34 " "
35 #  
36 $  
37 %  
38 & &
39 '  
40 (  
41 )  
42 *  
43 +  
44 ,  
45 -  
46 .  
47 /  
48 0  
49 1  
50 2  
51 3  
52 4  
53 5  
54 6  
55 7  
56 8  
57 9  
58 :  
59 ;  
60 < &lt;
61 =  
62 > &gt;
63 ?  
64 @  
65 A  
66 B  
67 C  
68 D  
69 E  
70 F  
71 G  
72 H  
73 I  
74 J  
75 K  
76 L  
77 M  
78 N  
79 O  
80 P  
81 Q  
82 R  
83 S  
84 T  
85 U  
86 V  
87 W  
88 X  
89 Y  
90 Z  
91 [  
92 \  
93 ]  
94 ^  
95 _  
96 `  
97 a  
98 b  
99 c  
100 d  
101 e  
102 f  
103 g  
104 h  
105 i  
106 j  
107 k  
108 l  
109 m  
110 n  
111 o  
112 p  
113 q  
114 r  
115 s  
116 t  
117 u  
118 v  
119 w  
120 x  
121 y  
122 z  
123 {  
124 |  
125 }  
126 ~ &tilde;
127 del  

Codes 128-255:

  • Since the original telegraphy-era ASCII only went up to 127 (i.e. 7 bits in binary), character codes above this can and will be interpreted in different ways depending on the character set.
  • If no character set is defined, browsers and other software must fall back on default settings, such as the International settings for the desktop of the person viewing the page, or any default settings built into the application, which can give unpredicatable results.
  • UTF-8 is a character encoding standard under which the original 128 ASCII characters (0-127) are represented as one byte (the same as plain old ASCII), and higher codes are represented in multiple bytes, allowing it to handle any character in the Unicode standard without ambiguity.
  • Not everybody remembers to use it.
  • Even if they do, not every font contains every possible character. Therefore a symbol or multibyte character may be correctly encoded and recognised by the browser, but not displayable in Verdana.
  • This page specifies Charset UNICODE-1-1 set in its HTML header in order to give browsers some clue, however that does not mean there is an agreed display convention for characters like #129 (tell me if I'm wrong here). Characters in the range 128 to 158 are particularly unreliable.
ASCII Code Value HTML mnemonic code, where one exists
128 € &euro;
129   
130 ‚ &sbquo;
131 ƒ  
132 „ &bdquo;
133 …  
134 † &dagger;
135 ‡ &Dagger;
136 ˆ  
137 ‰ &permil;
138 Š  
139 ‹ &lsaquo;
140 Œ  
141   
142 Ž  
143   
144   
145 ‘ &lsquo;
146 ’ &rsquo;
147 “ &ldquo;
148 ” &rdquo;
149 • &bull;
150 –  
151 —  
152 ˜  
153 ™ &trade;
154 š  
155 › &rsaquo;
156 œ  
157   
158 ž  
159 Ÿ &Yuml;
160   &nbsp; (nonbreaking space)
161 ¡ &iexcl;
162 ¢ &cent;
163 £ &pound;
164 ¤ &curren;
165 ¥ &yen;
166 ¦ &brvbar;
167 § &sect;
168 ¨ &uml;
169 © &copy;
170 ª &ordf;
171 « &laquo;
172 ¬ &not;
173 ­ &shy;
174 ® &reg;
175 ¯ &macr;
176 ° &deg;
177 ± &plusmn;
178 ² &sup2;
179 ³ &sup3;
180 ´ &acute;
181 µ &micro;
182 &para;
183 · &midot;
184 ¸ &cedil;
185 ¹ &sup1;
186 º &ordm
187 » &raquo;
188 ¼ &frac14;
189 ½ &frac12;
190 ¾ &frac34;
191 ¿ &iquest;
192 À &Agrave;
193 Á &Aacute;
194 Â &Acirc;
195 Ã &Atilde;
196 Ä &Auml;
197 Å &Aring;
198 Æ &Aelig;
199 Ç &Ccdel;
200 È &Egrave;
201 É &Eacute;
202 Ê &Ecirc;
203 Ë &Euml;
204 Ì &Igrave;
205 Í &Iacute;
206 Î &Icirc;
207 Ï &Iuml;
208 Ð &ETH;
209 Ñ &Ntilde;
210 Ò &Ograve;
211 Ó &Oacute;
212 Ô &Ocirc;
213 Õ &Otilde;
214 Ö &Ouml;
215 × &times;
216 Ø &Oslash;
217 Ù &Ugrave;
218 Ú &Uacute;
219 Û &Ucirc;
220 Ü &Uuml;
221 Ý &Yacute;
222 Þ &THORN;
223 ß &szlig;
224 à &agrave;
225 á &aacute;
226 â &acirc;
227 ã &atilde;
228 ä &auml;
229 å &aring;
230 æ &aelig;
231 ç &ccedil;
232 è &egrave;
233 é &eacute;
234 ê &ecirc;
235 ë &euml;
236 ì &igrave;
237 í &iacute;
238 î &icirc;
239 ï &iuml;
240 ð &eth;
241 ñ &ntilde;
242 ò &ograve;
243 ó &oacute;
244 ô &ocirc;
245 õ &otilde;
246 ö &ouml;
247 ÷ &divide;
248 ø &oslash;
249 ù &ugrave;
250 ú &uacute;
251 û &ucirc;
252 ü &uuml
253 ý &yacute;
254 þ &thorn;
255 ÿ &yuml;

Other Codes:

The following is a selection of the codes documented exhaustively at http://everything2.com/e2node/HTML%2520symbol%2520reference

ASCII Code Value HTML mnemonic code, where one exists
338 Π&OElig;
339 œ &oelig;
352 Š &Scaron;
353 š &scaron;
376 Ÿ &Yuml;
710 ˆ &circ;
732 ˜ &tilde;
913 Α &Alpha;
914 Β &Beta;
915 Γ &Gamma;
916 Δ &Delta;
917 Ε &Epsilon;
918 Ζ &Zeta;
919 Η &Eta;
920 Θ &Theta;
921 Ι &Iota;
922 Κ &Kappa;
923 Λ &Lambda;
924 Μ &Mu;
925 Ν &Nu;
926 Ξ &Xi;
927 Ο &Omicron;
928 Π &Pi;
929 Ρ &Rho;
931 Σ &Sigma;
932 Τ &Tau;
933 Υ &Upsi;
934 Φ &Phi;
935 Χ &Chi;
936 Ψ &Psi;
937 Ω &Omega;
945 α &alpha;
946 β &beta;
947 γ &gamma;
948 δ &delta;
949 ε &epsi;
950 ζ &zeta;
951 η &eta;
952 θ &theta;
953 ι &iota;
954 κ &kappa;
955 λ &lambda;
956 μ &mu;
957 ν &nu;
958 ξ &xi;
959 ο &omicron;
960 π &pi;
961 ρ &rho;
962 ς &sigmaf;
963 σ &sigma;
964 τ &tau;
965 υ &upsi;
966 φ &phi;
967 χ &chi;
968 ψ &psi;
969 ω &omega;
977 ϑ &theta;
978 ϒ &upsih;
982 ϖ &piv;
8194   &ensp;
8195   &emsp;
8201   &thinsp;
8204 ‌ &zwnj;
8205 ‍ &zwj;
8206 ‎ &lrm;
8207 ‏ &rlm;
8211 – &ndash;
8212 — &mdash;
8216 ‘ &lsquo;
8217 ’ &rsquo;
8218 ‚ &sbquo;
8220 “ &ldquo;
8221 ” &rdquo;
8222 „ &bdquo;
8224 † &dagger;
8225 ‡ &Dagger;
8226 • &bull;
8230 … &hellip;
8240 ‰ &permil;
8242 ′ &prime;
8243 ″ &Prime;
8249 ‹ &lsaquo;
8250 › &rsaquo;
8254 ‾ &oline;
8260 ⁄ &frasl;
8465 ℑ &image;
8472 ℘ &weierp;
8476 ℜ &real;
8482 ™ &trade;
8501 ℵ &alefsym;
8592 ← &larr;
8593 ↑ &uarr;
8594 → &rarr;
8595 ↓ &darr;
8596 ↔ &harr;
8629 ↵ &crarr;
8656 ⇐ &lArr;
8657 ⇑ &uArr;
8658 ⇒ &rArr;
8659 ⇓ &dArr;
8660 ⇔ &hArr;
8704 ∀ &forall;
8706 ∂ &part;
8707 ∃ &exist;
8709 ∅ &empty;
8711 ∇ &nabla;
8712 ∈ &isin;
8713 ∉ &notin;
8715 ∋ &ni;
8719 ∏ &prod;
8722 − &minus;
8722 − &sum;
8727 ∗ &lowast;
8730 √ &radic;
8733 ∝ &prop;
8734 ∞ &infin;
8736 ∠ &ang;
8745 ∩ &cap;
8746 ∪ &cup;
8747 ∫ &int;
8756 ∴ &there4;
8764 ∼ &sim;
8773 ≅ &asymp;
8773 ≅ &cong;
8800 ≠ &ne;
8801 ≡ &equiv;
8804 ≤ &le;
8805 ≥ &ge;
8834 ⊂ &sub;
8835 ⊃ &sup;
8836 ⊄ &nsub;
8838 ⊆ &sube;
8839 ⊇ &supe;
8853 ⊕ &oplus;
8855 ⊗ &otimes;
8869 ⊥ &and;
8869 ⊥ &perp;
8870 ⊦ &or;
8901 ⋅ &sdot;
8968 ⌈ &lceil;
8969 ⌉ &rceil;
8970 ⌊ &lfloor;
8971 ⌋ &rfloor;
9001 〈 &lang;
9002 〉 &rang;
9674 ◊ &loz;
9824 ♠ &spades;
9827 ♣ &clubs;
9829 ♥ &hearts;
9830 ♦ &diams;